Everything about Gaius Claudius Marcellus Minor totally explained
» See Gaius Claudius Marcellus for other men of this name, or Gaius Claudius Marcellus Maior for his cousin, consul of 49 BC.
Gaius Claudius Marcellus Minor, (
88 BC -
May 40 BC) was a member of the distinguished
Claudius family and a direct descendant of the consul
Marcus Claudius Marcellus. His father was also named Marcus, and his mother was named Junia.
Marcellus married in an arranged ceremony
Octavia Minor, a great-niece of
Julius Caesar and sister of
Octavian. They had three children: two daughters, both named
Claudia Marcella and born in
Rome, and a son,
Marcus, born in
Baiae.
In
54 BC, Octavia's great-uncle Julius Caesar was said to be anxious for Octavia to divorce Marcellus so that she could marry
Pompey, his rival and son-in-law who had just lost his wife
Julia (Caesar's daughter, and thus Octavia's cousin once removed). However, Pompey apparently declined the proposal and Octavia's husband continued to oppose Julius Caesar, culminating in the crucial year of his consulship in
50 BC when he tried to recall Julius Caesar from his ten-year governorship in
Gaul two years early, without his army, in an attempt to save the
Roman Republic. Failing this, he called unsuccessfully upon Caesar to resign. He also obstructed Caesar from standing for a second consulship
in absentia, insisting that he should return to Rome to stand, thereby forgoing the protection of his armies in Gaul. When Caesar finally invaded Italy in
49 BC, Marcellus, unlike his brother and nephew, didn't take up arms against him. Caesar subsequently pardoned him.
In
47 BC he was able to intercede with Caesar for his cousin and namesake
Gaius Claudius Marcellus Maior, also a former consul (49 BC), then living in exile. He died in May
40 BC. Five months later, his widow married
Mark Antony. He was a friend to Roman senator
Cicero. The Roman general
Publius Quinctilius Varus and his two sisters were grandchildren from his first marriage.
Roman coinage of Gaius Claudius Marcellus Minor can be seen at
(External Link
)
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